Vue Laravel CRUD: How to Create Vue Laravel Application

Vue Laravel CRUD is vital for learning laravel and vue from scratch. CRUD (Create, Read, Update, and Delete) are the primary data operations and one of the first things you learn as a Laravel developer.

We will learn how to build a small web application that creates, reads, updates, and deletes MySQL database. In addition, we will learn how to create tables, controllers, views, models, API routes and work with the axios library to send a network request.

Laravel is PHP’s fastest-growing Framework with scalability and flexibility. 

VueJS is the fastest growing Front end Library in the Javascript community. As a result, laravel is providing VueJS support out of the box. 

Why use Laravel and Vue

Laravel is PHP’s by far robust Framework to work with. Creating a crud boilerplate with Vue and Laravel is very easy. Vue.js is an excellent javascript frontend framework that provides routing, http supports, middleware supports, and client-side data management library Vuex.

The Laravel community has produced many valuable educational resources, including this one! In this tutorial, you’ll build a trivia game as two separate projects: a Laravel API and a Vue frontend (using vue-cli). This approach offers some significant benefits:

1. It enables you to separate the backend and frontend projects and deploy them independently using the different strategies and schedules for testing and deployment.
2. We can deploy the frontend as the static application to a CDN and achieve virtually unlimited scaling for a fraction of the cost of hosting it with the backend.
3. This approach also allows developers to work on just an API or just the frontend without needing access to a complete source code of the other part of a system (this is still possible to achieve if the projects are closely integrated, but it’s a bit of tough to set up) making it an exceptional architecture for large teams and projects.

Vue Laravel CRUD

To create a crud application using Laravel and Vue, create a fronted using Vue.js and backend using Laravel. The standard approach of combining Vue and Laravel is to create Vue components and then drop them into your Blade files. But CRUD operation under this architecture will require a page refresh before reflecting in the UI.

For this vue laravel crud demo, we will not create separate projects for the frontend because Laravel provides the best support for Vue.js. So, we will build the Vue components inside Laravel’s assets folder.

We will create a Single Page Application(SPA) using Laravel and Vue.js. In this SPA, you can create a post, edit the post, read the post, and delete the post. But, first, we will make the Laravel API Backend.

Now, first, we need to install the Laravel application.

So let us install a new Laravel by the following command.

Step 1: Install Laravel boilerplate.

laravel new vuelaravelcrud

Go to the project folder and install frontend dependencies using the following command.

npm install

Also, open the project in your editor. I am using the Visual Studio Code.

code .

Setup the database configuration inside the .env file.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=vuecrud
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

Save the file, and now your backend can connect to the MySQL database. 

Now, start compiling assets using the following command.

npm run dev

We can also run the following command to compile the assets as you write the new code or modify the existing code.

npm run watch

Step 2: Install Vue dependency and edit configurations.

Type the following command to install the vue-router and vue-axios dependencies.

The vue-router is used for routing our Vue.js application to use the different components and the vue-axios for sending the network request to the server.

npm install vue-router vue-axios --save

We need to change the app.js file inside the resources  >> js folder.

Modify with the following code inside the app.js file.

// App.js

require('./bootstrap');

window.Vue = require('vue');

import VueRouter from 'vue-router';
Vue.use(VueRouter);

import VueAxios from 'vue-axios';
import axios from 'axios';
Vue.use(VueAxios, axios);

Vue.component('example-component', require('./components/ExampleComponent.vue'));

const router = new VueRouter({ mode: 'history'});
const app = new Vue(Vue.util.extend({ router })).$mount('#app');

Here, we have configured the vue-router and vue-axios libraries.

Now, inside the resources >> views folder, create the post.blade.php file.

Add the following code inside the post.blade.php file.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ str_replace('_', '-', app()->getLocale()) }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>Laravel</title>
        <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Nunito:200,600" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
        <link href="{{ mix('css/app.css') }}" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
        <meta name="csrf-token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
          <example-component></example-component>
        </div>
        <script src="{{ mix('js/app.js') }}" type="text/javascript"></script>
    </body>
</html>

Now, change the route inside the routes >> web.php file. We are building the Single Page Application using Laravel and Vue. 

So we need to define the following route, where we can push any route, giving the correct route without any error. Otherwise, it will give the 404 error because, in Laravel, you have not defined any route; it is the Vue where you have defined the various component route.

Due to the following code, you can now use the Laravel route proxy as a Vue route, and you can display the Vue components depending on the current URL.

<?php

Route::get('/{any}', function () {
  return view('post');
})->where('any', '.*');

Save the file and go to the browser and see the result. You can see that we have successfully integrated the Vue component in our Laravel application.

Step 3: Create Vue Components

Inside the resources >>  js folder, create a folder called components and inside that folder, create four following vue components.

1. HomeComponent.vue
2. CreateComponent.vue
3. EditComponent.vue
4. IndexComponent.vue

// HomeComponent.vue

<template>
  <div class="row justify-content-center">
      <div class="col-md-8">
          <div class="card card-default">
              <div class="card-header">Home Component</div>

              <div class="card-body">
                  I'm the Home Component component.
              </div>
          </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        mounted() {
            console.log('Component mounted.')
        }
    }
</script>

// CreateComponent.vue

<template>
  <div class="row justify-content-center">
      <div class="col-md-8">
          <div class="card card-default">
              <div class="card-header">Create Component</div>

              <div class="card-body">
                  I'm the Create Component component.
              </div>
          </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        mounted() {
            console.log('Component mounted.')
        }
    }
</script>

// EditComponent.vue

<template>
  <div class="row justify-content-center">
      <div class="col-md-8">
          <div class="card card-default">
              <div class="card-header">Edit Component</div>

              <div class="card-body">
                  I'm an Edit component.
              </div>
          </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        mounted() {
            console.log('Example Component mounted.')
        }
    }
</script>

// IndexComponent.vue

<template>
  <div class="row justify-content-center">
      <div class="col-md-8">
          <div class="card card-default">
              <div class="card-header">Index Component</div>

              <div class="card-body">
                  I'm an Index component.
              </div>
          </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        mounted() {
            console.log('Index Component mounted.')
        }
    }
</script>

Step 4: Configure the vue-router

Inside the app.js file, write the following code.

// app.js

require('./bootstrap');

window.Vue = require('vue');

import VueRouter from 'vue-router';
Vue.use(VueRouter);

import VueAxios from 'vue-axios';
import axios from 'axios';

import App from './App.vue';
Vue.use(VueAxios, axios);

import HomeComponent from './components/HomeComponent.vue';
import CreateComponent from './components/CreateComponent.vue';
import IndexComponent from './components/IndexComponent.vue';
import EditComponent from './components/EditComponent.vue';

const routes = [
  {
      name: 'home',
      path: '/',
      component: HomeComponent
  },
  {
      name: 'create',
      path: '/create',
      component: CreateComponent
  },
  {
      name: 'posts',
      path: '/posts',
      component: IndexComponent
  },
  {
      name: 'edit',
      path: '/edit/:id',
      component: EditComponent
  }
];

const router = new VueRouter({ mode: 'history', routes: routes});
const app = new Vue(Vue.util.extend({ router }, App)).$mount('#app');

Here, we have imported the four components and defined our application’s routes. Then we have created a router object and passed it to our Vue application.

Now, create one more vue component inside the resources >> js folder called App.vue and add the following code to it.

// App.vue

<template>
    <div class="container">
        <div>
            <transition name="fade">
                <router-view></router-view>
            </transition>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<style>
    .fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
      transition: opacity .5s
    }
    .fade-enter, .fade-leave-active {
      opacity: 0
    }
</style>

<script>

    export default{
    }
</script>

Here, we have defined our router- view. The directive will render the component according to the current URL. So, if our URL is /create, it will present the CreateComponent on the webpage.

Save the file, and if your npm run watch is not running, then you might need to compile again and then go to the browser and go to these URLs for testing and see if the project is working or not.

1. http://vuelaravelcrud.test/create
2. http://vuelaravelcrud.test/posts
3. http://vuelaravelcrud.test/edit/21

If you are getting the specific component, you are lovely, and if not, check out the error on the terminal and the console panel in the browser.

Step 5: Create a Navigation bar

Write the following code inside the App.vue file. I have added the navbar.

// App.vue

<template>
  <div class="container">
    <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
      <ul class="navbar-nav">
        <li class="nav-item">
          <router-link to="/" class="nav-link">Home</router-link>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <router-link to="/create" class="nav-link">Create Post</router-link>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <router-link to="/posts" class="nav-link">Posts</router-link>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </nav><br />
    <transition name="fade">
      <router-view></router-view>
    </transition>
  </div>
</template>

<style>
    .fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
      transition: opacity .5s
    }
    .fade-enter, .fade-leave-active {
      opacity: 0
    }
</style>

<script>

    export default{
    }
</script>

Save the file and see the output on the browser.

Step 6: Create a Form

Write the following code inside the CreateComponent.vue file. Next, we will add the Bootstrap Form to create a post.

// CreatePost.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <h1>Create A Post</h1>
    <form @submit.prevent="addPost">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6">
          <div class="form-group">
            <label>Post Title:</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="post.title">
          </div>
        </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-6">
            <div class="form-group">
              <label>Post Body:</label>
              <textarea class="form-control" v-model="post.body" rows="5"></textarea>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div><br />
        <div class="form-group">
          <button class="btn btn-primary">Create</button>
        </div>
    </form>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        data(){
        return {
          post:{}
        }
    },
    methods: {
      addPost(){
        console.log(this.post);
      }
    }
  }
</script>

So, we have taken the two fields. Post Title and Post Body. We have made one method called addPost().  

So, when a user submits the form, we will get the input inside the addPost() method. From then, we will send a POST request to the Laravel server and save the data into the database.

I am skipping the validation of each field because this article is getting long and long. So we will do it in another post.

Save the file and go to this URL: http://vuelaravelcrud.test/create or /create. Then, you can see the form below.

Step 7: Create a Laravel Backend

The primary purpose of the Laravel Framework in this example is to build a backend API. So, first, we will create a schema for the post table. Then, also, we need a Post model. So let’s create both using the following command.

php artisan make:model Post -m

Now, write the following schema inside [timestamp]create_posts_table.php file.

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
       $table->increments('id');
       $table->string('title');
       $table->text('body');
       $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Migrate the database using the following command.

php artisan migrate

Next, inside the Post.php model, write the following code to prevent the mass assignment exception.

<?php

// Post.php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Post extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['title', 'body'];
}

Also, create a controller using the following command.

php artisan make:controller PostController

We are using Laravel Resource Collection for API development. So let us create a Laravel Resource Collection using the following command.

php artisan make:resource PostCollection

When building an API, you may need a transformation layer between your Eloquent models and the JSON responses returned to your application’s users. Laravel’s resource classes allow you to expressively and quickly transform your models and model collections into JSON.

The PostCollection resource is generated inside app >> Http >>Resources >> PostCollection.php file.

<?php

// PostCollection.php

namespace App\Http\Resources;

use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\ResourceCollection;

class PostCollection extends ResourceCollection
{
    /**
     * Transform the resource collection into an array.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return array
     */
    public function toArray($request)
    {
        return parent::toArray($request);
    }
}

Step 8: Define the CRUD operations.

First, we define the function that stores the data inside the MySQL database.

<?php

// PostController.php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Resources\PostCollection;
use App\Post;

class PostController extends Controller
{
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
      $post = new Post([
        'title' => $request->get('title'),
        'body' => $request->get('body')
      ]);

      $post->save();

      return response()->json('success');
    }
}

Now, write the edit, update, index, and delete functions.

<?php

// PostController.php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Resources\PostCollection;
use App\Post;

class PostController extends Controller
{
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
      $post = new Post([
        'title' => $request->get('title'),
        'body' => $request->get('body')
      ]);

      $post->save();

      return response()->json('successfully added');
    }

    public function index()
    {
      return new PostCollection(Post::all());
    }

    public function edit($id)
    {
      $post = Post::find($id);
      return response()->json($post);
    }

    public function update($id, Request $request)
    {
      $post = Post::find($id);

      $post->update($request->all());

      return response()->json('successfully updated');
    }

    public function delete($id)
    {
      $post = Post::find($id);

      $post->delete();

      return response()->json('successfully deleted');
    }
}

Step 9: Define the API routes

We need to define the API routes inside the routes >> api.php file.

<?php

// api.php

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

Route::middleware('auth:api')->get('/user', function (Request $request) {
    return $request->user();
});

Route::post('/post/create', 'PostController@store');
Route::get('/post/edit/{id}', 'PostController@edit');
Route::post('/post/update/{id}', 'PostController@update');
Route::delete('/post/delete/{id}', 'PostController@delete');
Route::get('/posts', 'PostController@index');

Step 10: Use Axios to send a network request

AJAX is key to this architecture, so we’ll use Axios as the HTTP client.

Now, we have created the backend. The next step is to send a POST request to the Laravel development server.

Write the following code inside the CreateComponent.vue file’s addPost() function.

// CreateComponent.vue

addPost(){
    let uri = 'http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/post/create';
    this.axios.post(uri, this.post).then((response) => {
       this.$router.push({name: 'posts'});
    });
}

So, it will post a request to the server’s api point with the data, and the server saves the data.

Now, display the posts. So let us edit the IndexComponent.vue file.

// IndexComponent.vue

<template>
  <div>
      <h1>Posts</h1>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-10"></div>
          <div class="col-md-2">
            <router-link :to="{ name: 'create' }" class="btn btn-primary">Create Post</router-link>
          </div>
        </div><br />

        <table class="table table-hover">
            <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>Item Name</th>
                <th>Item Price</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
                <tr v-for="post in posts" :key="post.id">
                    <td>{{ post.id }}</td>
                    <td>{{ post.title }}</td>
                    <td>{{ post.body }}</td>
                    <td><router-link :to="{name: 'edit', params: { id: post.id }}" class="btn btn-primary">Edit</router-link></td>
                    <td><button class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button></td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
      data() {
        return {
          posts: []
        }
      },
      created() {
      let uri = 'http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/posts';
      this.axios.get(uri).then(response => {
        this.posts = response.data.data;
      });
    }
  }
</script>

Here, when the component is created, we send the network request to fetch the data.

Here, we need to write the data because axios are by default, wrap our backend data posts with data, and use the Resource Collection. 

So it will also wrap the data in the data key. So to get the actual data, we need to write like response.data.data. 

If we have not used axios, then we might write the response.data, but axios also have a backend data template like a response.data, and that is why we need to write the response.data.data.

Step 11: Send edit and update request

Now, when our edit component loads, we need to fetch the data from the server to display the existing data.

Then, after changing the data in the textbox and textarea, we hit the update button, and we call the updatePost() function to send a post request to the server to update the data.

// EditComponent.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <h1>Edit Post</h1>
    <form @submit.prevent="updatePost">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6">
          <div class="form-group">
            <label>Post Title:</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="post.title">
          </div>
        </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-6">
            <div class="form-group">
              <label>Post Body:</label>
              <textarea class="form-control" v-model="post.body" rows="5"></textarea>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div><br />
        <div class="form-group">
          <button class="btn btn-primary">Update</button>
        </div>
    </form>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {

      data() {
        return {
          post: {}
        }
      },
      created() {
        let uri = `http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/post/edit/${this.$route.params.id}`;
        this.axios.get(uri).then((response) => {
            this.post = response.data;
        });
      },
      methods: {
        updatePost() {
          let uri = `http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/post/update/${this.$route.params.id}`;
          this.axios.post(uri, this.post).then((response) => {
            this.$router.push({name: 'posts'});
          });
        }
      }
    }
</script>

Now, you can try to edit the data and update the form, and you can see that we can now update the data.

Step 12: Delete the data.

The only remaining thing is to delete or remove the data from the database.

So, let us write the final code inside the IndexComponent.vue file.

// IndexComponent.vue

<template>
  <div>
      <h1>Posts</h1>
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-md-10"></div>
          <div class="col-md-2">
            <router-link :to="{ name: 'create' }" class="btn btn-primary">Create Post</router-link>
          </div>
        </div><br />

        <table class="table table-hover">
            <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>Item Name</th>
                <th>Item Price</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
                <tr v-for="post in posts" :key="post.id">
                    <td>{{ post.id }}</td>
                    <td>{{ post.title }}</td>
                    <td>{{ post.body }}</td>
                    <td><router-link :to="{name: 'edit', params: { id: post.id }}" class="btn btn-primary">Edit</router-link></td>
                    <td><button class="btn btn-danger" @click.prevent="deletePost(post.id)">Delete</button></td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
      data() {
        return {
          posts: []
        }
      },
      created() {
      let uri = 'http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/posts';
      this.axios.get(uri).then(response => {
        this.posts = response.data.data;
      });
    },
    methods: {
      deletePost(id)
      {
        let uri = `http://vuelaravelcrud.test/api/post/delete/${id}`;
        this.axios.delete(uri).then(response => {
          this.posts.splice(this.posts.indexOf(id), 1);
        });
      }
    }
  }
</script>

So, here, we have taken the click event in vue to grab the id of the current post and send that id to remove the data from the database and remove the data from the array at the client-side using the splice function.

Finally, Vue Laravel CRUD Example Tutorial For Beginners is over. Thanks for taking it.

You can use the following Github Code for reference.

Github Code

See also

Laravel Angular

Laravel React

Laravel and Vue chat functionality

Laravel Vue File Upload

Laravel Vue Twitter type app