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How to Create CRUD Application in Laravel 11 with Vue 3

  • 28 Feb, 2022
  • Com 43
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Here is the step-by-step guide to creating a CRUD application:

Step 1: Setting up a new project

Here is the command to create a new Laravel 11 project:

composer create-project laravel/laravel newlaravue --prefer-dis

After installing the project, go to the folder.

cd newlaravue

Type the following command to install the JavaScript dependencies.

npm install

It will install the basic dependencies, but there are some dependencies that we need to install manually. 

We have to build our frontend using the Vue framework using the Vite frontend building tool, so we need to install the vue and @vitejs/plugin-vue plugin:

npm install vue @vitejs/plugin-vue

Here, we installed Vue.js and an important plugin that enables Vue.js using Vite.

Now, modify the vite.config.js file, which is at the root of your project:

import { defineConfig } from 'vite';

import laravel from 'laravel-vite-plugin';
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue';

export default defineConfig({
    plugins: [
        laravel({
            input: [
                'resources/sass/app.scss',
                'resources/js/app.js',
            ],
            refresh: true,
        }),
        vue({
            template: {
                transformAssetUrls: {
                    base: null,
                    includeAbsolute: false,
                },
            },
        }),
    ],
});

Step 2: Integrate Vue.js, bootstrap to Laravel application

To install the bootstrap and bootstrap-icons modules, type the below command:

npm install bootstrap bootstrap-icons --save-dev

Open the resources >> js >> bootstrap.js file and add the below code.

import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css';
import 'bootstrap-icons/font/bootstrap-icons.css';

import bootstrap from 'bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap';
window.bootstrap = bootstrap;

import axios from 'axios';
window.axios = axios;

You can see that we imported bootstrap.min.css, bootstrap-icons.css, and axios.

We also need to install vue-axios to send an HTTP request to the Laravel server and vue-router library to create frontend routing for our application.

npm install --save-dev vue-axios vue-router

Go to the root of your Laravel project, open the terminal, and run the vite development server to compile our JavaScript files using this command:

npm run dev

It will start the development server to compile our front-end assets.

Add the below code to the resources >> views >> welcome.blade.php file.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ app()->getLocale() }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <title>Laravel Vue CRUD Application</title>
        @vite(['resources/js/app.js'])
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
        </div>
        <script>
           window.Laravel = <?php echo json_encode([
            'csrfToken' => csrf_token(),
            ]); ?>
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

You can see that here we added the @vite directive to import the app.js file, which is our build file for all the CSS and JS files.

So, ultimately, all the Vue.js files will be imported into this app.js file, which will be the main script for all of our JavaScript and CSS files.

Step 3: Create vue components

Let’s create an App.vue file inside the resources >> js folder.

Add the code below to the App.vue file.

<template>
    <div>
        <!-- Navbar -->
        <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
            <div class="container">
                <router-link class="navbar-brand text-white" to="/">Laravel Vue CRUD</router-link>
                <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav"
                    aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
                    <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
                </button>
                <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
                    <ul class="navbar-nav">
                        <!-- Add more links as needed -->
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </nav>

        <!-- Main Content -->
        <div class="container my-4">
            <router-view></router-view>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
    // Your script content
}
</script>

<style>
/* Optionally add custom styles here */
</style>

Here, you can see that we created a navigation menu for our application, and inside the main content, we put the <router-view> tag, which will render the component based on the defined routes.

Create a components folder inside the resources >> js folder.

Inside the components folder, create three Vue components like this:

  1. Create.vue: This component will render the form that will create an Item.
  2. Edit.vue: This component will render the form through which you will edit the item.
  3. Index.vue: This component will list all the items.

Folder hierarchy for Vue components

We will add the code to all three components and the routing later in this project.

For now, let’s create a backend for our application.

Step 4: Create a database and connect to the Laravel application

For this tutorial, I am using the MySQL database with phpmyadmin client.

Here is the newly created database called “laravue”.

phpmyadmin laravue database

Now, add your database’s configuration to the .env file in the root of your Laravel project.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=8889
DB_DATABASE=laravue
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

Step 5: Create a backend in Laravel

The next step is to create a backend for our project.

We can use web routes or API routes, but for this project, we will stick with web routes.

We need to put all of our routes in the routes  >>  web.php file.

First, we are going to perform CRUD operations to create, update, and delete items.

Let’s define the schema for it. Then, we will create controllers and routes.

Go to your command line and type the following command. First, ensure you are at the root of our project folder.

php artisan make:model Item -m

It will create two files.

  1. Model file.
  2. Migration file.

Go to the migration file in the database  >>  migrations  >>  create_items_table and copy the following code.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration {
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('items', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->integer('price');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('items');
    }
};

Go to the terminal and type the following command.

php artisan migrate

It will be an items table in the database.

An Item.php model file is also created in the app/Models folder.

It is time to create one resource controller called ItemController by typing the following command.

php artisan make:controller ItemController --resource

This ItemController contains all its CRUD operations methods. But first, we need to add the code to it.

So, I am now putting the whole file with all the operations.

<?php

// ItemController.php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Item;

class ItemController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $items = Item::all();
        return response()->json($items);
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     */
    public function create()
    {

    }

    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $item = new Item([
            'name' => $request->get('name'),
            'price' => $request->get('price')
        ]);

        $item->save();
        return response()->json('Successfully added');
    }

    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     */
    public function show(string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     */
    public function edit(string $id)
    {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        return response()->json($item);
    }

    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     */
    public function update(Request $request, string $id)
    {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->name = $request->get('name');
        $item->price = $request->get('price');
        $item->save();

        return response()->json('Successfully Updated');
    }

    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     */
    public function destroy(string $id)
    {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->delete();

        return response()->json('Successfully Deleted');
    }
}

We also need to create a protected $fillable field in the Item.php file; otherwise, a ‘mass assignment exception‘ will be thrown.

<?php

// Item.php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Item extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $fillable = ['name', 'price'];
}

The last step would be registering the routes in the routes >> web.php file.

<?php

// web.php

use App\Http\Controllers\ItemController;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

Route::resource('items', ItemController::class);

Our backend is done! Now, we will send an HTTP Request from Vue.js components, and the server will respond accordingly.

Save the file, go to the root of the project, and start the Laravel development server using this command:

php artisan serve

Step 6: Create frontend routing using vue-router

We created three Vue components inside the resources >> js >> components folder.

Let’s register the route for three components to display different views.

Write the following code inside the resources >> js >> app.js file.

import './bootstrap';
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router';


import App from './App.vue';
import Create from './components/Create.vue';
import Index from './components/Index.vue';
import Edit from './components/Edit.vue';

// Define your routes
const routes = [
    {
        name: 'Create',
        path: '/create',
        component: Create
    },
    {
        name: 'Index',
        path: '/',
        component: Index
    },
    {
        name: 'Edit',
        path: '/edit/:id',
        component: Edit
    }
];

// Create the router instance
const router = createRouter({
    history: createWebHistory(),
    routes,
});

// Create and mount the root instance
createApp(App)
    .use(router)
    .mount('#app');

In this code, we imported all the components and created the routes using the createRouter() method.

Then, register the routes to the Vue.js application using createApp().use() method.

So, our application’s “/” route will display all the items.

The “/create” route will display a form through which you can create an item.

The “/edit/id” route will display an edit form through which you can update the item.

Step 7: Create CRUD functionality

If we switch to the front end in Vue.js, we will have created three Vue components inside the components folder.

Let’s code the first component called “Create.vue”.

Add the code below to the Create.vue file.

<template>
    <div class="container mt-5">
        <div class="card shadow-lg">
            <div class="card-header bg-gradient-primary text-white">
                <h1 class="card-title">Create An Item</h1>
            </div>
            <div class="card-body">
                <div v-if="successMessage" class="alert alert-success">
                    {{ successMessage }}
                </div>
                <form @submit.prevent="addItem">
                    <div class="row g-3">
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <label for="itemName" class="form-label">Item Name:</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="itemName" v-model="item.name"
                                placeholder="Enter item name" required>
                        </div>
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <label for="itemPrice" class="form-label">Item Price:</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="itemPrice" v-model="item.price"
                                placeholder="Enter item price" required>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="mt-4 text-center">
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary px-4"><i class="bi bi-plus-lg"></i> Add
                            Item</button>
                    </div>
                </form>
                <div class="mt-4 d-flex justify-content-start">
                    <router-link :to="{ name: 'Index' }" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">
                        <i class="bi bi-arrow-left-circle"></i> Return to Items List
                    </router-link>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>
<style>
.bg-gradient-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #007bff, #6610f2);
}
</style>
<script>
import { reactive, ref } from 'vue';
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router';

export default {
    setup() {
        const item = reactive({ name: '', price: '' });
        const router = useRouter();
        const successMessage = ref('');

        const addItem = async () => {
            const uri = 'http://localhost:8000/items';
            try {
                await axios.post(uri, item);
                successMessage.value = 'Item added successfully!';
                setTimeout(() => {
                    successMessage.value = '';
                    router.push({ name: 'Index' });
                }, 1000);
            } catch (error) {
                console.error('Error adding item:', error);
                // Handle the error appropriately
            }
        };

        return {
            item,
            addItem,
            successMessage
        };
    }
}
</script>

In this file, we added a simple Bootstrap 5 form to accept the “Item name” and “Item price” from the user.

We then send these form details in the form of a POST request to the Laravel server.

If it is a success, we will show a success message; otherwise, log the error.

And redirect to the Index view, which we will create next.

Write the following code inside the Index.vue file:

<template>
    <div class="container mt-5">
        <h1 class="mb-4">Items</h1>
        <div v-if="successMessage" class="alert alert-success">
            {{ successMessage }}
        </div>
        <div class="d-flex justify-content-end mb-4">
            <router-link :to="{ name: 'Create' }" class="btn btn-success"><i class="bi bi-plus-lg"></i> Create New
                Item</router-link>
        </div>

        <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
                <thead class="table-dark">
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="col">ID</th>
                        <th scope="col">Item Name</th>
                        <th scope="col">Item Price</th>
                        <th scope="col" style="width: 20%;">Actions</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <tr v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">
                        <td>{{ item.id }}</td>
                        <td>{{ item.name }}</td>
                        <td>{{ item.price }}</td>
                        <td>
                            <router-link :to="{ name: 'Edit', params: { id: item.id } }"
                                class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary me-2"><i class="bi bi-pencil-square me-1"></i>
                                Edit</router-link>
                            <button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-danger" @click="openDeleteConfirmation(item.id)"> <i
                                    class="bi bi-trash me-1"></i> Delete</button>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!-- Delete Confirmation Modal -->
    <div class="modal fade" id="deleteConfirmationModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="deleteConfirmationModalLabel"
        aria-hidden="true" ref="deleteModal">
        <div class="modal-dialog">
            <div class="modal-content">
                <div class="modal-header">
                    <h5 class="modal-title" id="deleteConfirmationModalLabel">Confirm Delete</h5>
                    <button type="button" class="btn-close" @click="closeModal" aria-label="Close"></button>
                </div>
                <div class="modal-body">
                    Are you sure you want to delete this item?
                </div>
                <div class="modal-footer">
                    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" @click="closeModal">Cancel</button>
                    <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" @click="confirmDelete">Delete</button>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!-- Delete Confirmation Modal -->
    <div class="modal fade" id="deleteConfirmationModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="deleteConfirmationModalLabel"
        aria-hidden="true" ref="deleteModal">
        <div class="modal-dialog">
            <div class="modal-content">
                <div class="modal-header">
                    <h5 class="modal-title" id="deleteConfirmationModalLabel">Confirm Delete</h5>
                    <button type="button" class="btn-close" @click="closeModal" aria-label="Close"></button>
                </div>
                <div class="modal-body">
                    Are you sure you want to delete this item?
                </div>
                <div class="modal-footer">
                    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" @click="closeModal">Cancel</button>
                    <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" @click="confirmDelete">Delete</button>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue';

export default {
    setup() {
        const items = ref([]);
        const itemIdToDelete = ref(null);
        const deleteModal = ref(null);
        const successMessage = ref('');

        const fetchItems = async () => {
            try {
                const uri = 'http://localhost:8000/items';
                const response = await axios.get(uri);
                items.value = response.data;
            } catch (error) {
                console.error('Error fetching items:', error);
            }
        };

        const openDeleteConfirmation = (id) => {
            itemIdToDelete.value = id;
            const modalInstance = new bootstrap.Modal(deleteModal.value);
            modalInstance.show();
        };

        const closeModal = () => {
            const modalInstance = bootstrap.Modal.getInstance(deleteModal.value);
            if (modalInstance) {
                modalInstance.hide();
            }
        };

        const confirmDelete = async () => {
            if (itemIdToDelete.value !== null) {
                await deleteItem(itemIdToDelete.value);
                closeModal();
            }
        };

        const deleteItem = async (id) => {
            try {
                const uri = `http://localhost:8000/items/${id}`;
                await axios.delete(uri);
                items.value = items.value.filter((item) => item.id !== id);
                successMessage.value = 'Item deleted successfully!';
                setTimeout(() => {
                    successMessage.value = '';
                    router.push({ name: 'Index' });
                }, 1000);
            } catch (error) {
                console.error('Error deleting item:', error);
            }
        };

        onMounted(fetchItems);

        return {
            items,
            openDeleteConfirmation,
            confirmDelete,
            deleteItem,
            deleteModal,
            closeModal,
            successMessage
        };
    }
}
</script>

In this file, we created a table that will display all the items with Edit and Delete buttons.

When a user clicks the Edit button, it will be redirected to the Edit view.

If a user clicks the Delete button, we will display a confirmation message inside the Bootstrap modal.

If the user confirms, we will remove the item from the database.

Let’s add the code below to the edit.vue file.

<template>
    <div class="container mt-5">
        <div class="card shadow-lg">
            <div class="card-header bg-gradient-primary text-white">
                <h1 class="card-title text-center">Edit an Item</h1>
            </div>
            <div class="card-body">
                <div v-if="successMessage" class="alert alert-success">
                    {{ successMessage }}
                </div>
                <form @submit.prevent="updateItem">
                    <div class="row g-3">
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <label for="itemName" class="form-label">Item Name:</label>
                            <input type="text" id="itemName" class="form-control" v-model="item.name"
                                placeholder="Enter item name" required>
                        </div>
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <label for="itemPrice" class="form-label">Item Price:</label>
                            <input type="text" id="itemPrice" class="form-control" v-model="item.price"
                                placeholder="Enter item price" required>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text-center mt-4">
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary px-4">Update Item</button>
                    </div>
                </form>
                <div class="mt-4 d-flex justify-content-start">
                    <router-link :to="{ name: 'Index' }" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">
                        <i class="bi bi-arrow-left-circle"></i> Return to Items List
                    </router-link>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<style>
.bg-gradient-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #007bff, #6610f2);
}
</style>

<script>
import { onMounted, reactive, ref } from 'vue';
import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router';

export default {
    setup() {
        const item = reactive({ name: '', price: '' });
        const route = useRoute();
        const router = useRouter();
        const successMessage = ref('');

        const getItem = async () => {
            try {
                const uri = `http://localhost:8000/items/${route.params.id}/edit`;
                const response = await axios.get(uri);
                Object.assign(item, response.data);
            }
            catch (error) {
                console.error("Failed to fetch item:", error);
            }
        };

        const updateItem = async () => {
            const uri = `http://localhost:8000/items/${route.params.id}`;
            console.log(uri)
            await axios.patch(uri, item);
            successMessage.value = 'Item Updated Successfully!';
            setTimeout(() => {
                successMessage.value = '';
                router.push({ name: 'Index' });
            }, 1000);
        };

        onMounted(getItem);

        return {
            item,
            updateItem,
            successMessage
        };
    }
}
</script>

Save this file and make sure to run Vite development and Laravel servers.

Go to the browser and hit this URL: http://localhost:8000/

You will see a screen like this:

Listing view

If you click on the “Create New Item” button, you will be redirected to this route: http://localhost:8000/create

Create Form

From here, you can create an item, and if you do it successfully, you will see a success message and be redirected back to the list page where this item will be listed!

I have created six items, and now my listing page looks like this:

Complete Listing View

If you check the MySQL database, then you will see the six entries like this:

items table in phpmyadmin (MySQL)

Head to this page: http://localhost:8000/ and click on the Edit button, and you will see the Edit view like this:

Edit form

If you update the details, then it will be updated in the database as well as on the listing page like this:

Updating the item

I have shown CRUD functionality’s Create, Read, and Update, and now the remaining functionality is Delete.

If you try to Delete the Desert item, then you will be asked a confirmation message like this:

Delete confirmation message

If you press the Delete button, then it will be deleted from the database, and your index view will look like this:

Delete functionality

And that’s it!

We successfully created a CRUD functionality with Elegant UI in Laravel 11 and Vue.js 3.4, the latest version.

Here is the complete code on GitHub.

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Krunal Lathiya

With a career spanning over eight years in the field of Computer Science, Krunal’s expertise is rooted in a solid foundation of hands-on experience, complemented by a continuous pursuit of knowledge.

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