SQL CHAR() function returns the character based on the ASCII code.
SQL CHAR
SQL CHAR() is an inbuilt function used to convert a numeric value to a character. It is just the opposite of the ASCII() function. A character or string function is a function that takes one or more characters or numbers as parameters and returns the character value.
Syntax
See the following syntax.
Select CHAR (number_code)
Parameters
The number from which character is to be retrieved. An integer outside the range 0 to 255 will return a NULL character.
See the following code.
SELECT CHAR (97);
See the output.
a
Explanation
As the ASCII value of a is 97, character a is printed when number 97 is given input to the function.
See the second query.
SELECT CHAR (65);
See the output.
A
Explanation
As the ASCII value of A is 65, so character A is printed when number 65 was given as an input to the function.
Range of ASCII values for characters
A-Z: 65-90 a-z: 97-122
Table: Employee
| Emp_id | Emp_name | City | State | Salary |
| 101 | Rohit Raj | Patna | Bihar | 30000 |
| 102 | Shiva Rana | Jalandhar | Punjab | 20000 |
| 103 | Karan Kumar | Allahabad | Uttar Pradesh | 40000 |
| 104 | Suraj Bhakat | Kolkata | West Bengal | 60000 |
| 105 | Akash Cherukuri | Vizag | Andhra Pradesh | 70000 |
Suppose we want to print the Character Code for Emp_id of Emp_Name, then the following query has to be considered.
See the following query.
Select Emp_name, CHAR(Emp_id) AS CharCode from Employee;
See the output.
| Emp_name | CharCode |
| Rohit Raj | e |
| Shiva Rana | f |
| Karan Kumar | g |
| Suraj Bhakat | h |
| Akash Cherukuri | i |
So, you can see from the output that the Character Code of Employee Id is returned under the column name CharCode.
SQL CHAR function can also be used as control characters.
| CONTROL CHARACTER | VALUE |
| Tab | CHAR(9) |
| Line Feed | CHAR(10) |
| Carriage return | CHAR(13) |
Multiple Integers
The char() function doesn’t use the multiple integers as arguments.
If you provide multiple integers, you’ll get an error.
See the following code example.
SELECT CHAR(67, 255) AS 'Result';
See the output.
The char function requires 1 argument(s).
Note that this contrasts with MySQL’s MySQL’sfunction, which allows you to provide multiple integers in the argument.
Out of Range Integers
The function also doesn’t the integers outside a range of 1 to 255. If your argument is outside that range, the result is NULL.
See the following query.
SELECT CHAR(256) AS 'Result';
See the following output.
+----------+ | Result | |----------| | NULL | +----------+
This is again in contrast to MySQL’s MySQL’sfunction, which accepts the integers larger than 255 in which case, they’re converted into multiple result bytes.
Inserting Control Characters
See the following code.
SELECT 'Homer' + CHAR(13) + 'krunal@appdividend.com' AS 'Name/Email';
See the output.
+--------------+ | Name/Email | |--------------| | Homer krunal@appdividend.com | +--------------+
Here it looks like if we remove the CHAR(13):
SELECT 'KRUNAL' AS 'Name', 'krunal@appdividend.com' AS 'Email';
See the output.
+--------+-----------------------+ | Name | Email | |--------+-----------------------| | KRUNAL |krunal@appdividend.com | +--------+-----------------------+
That’s iThat’sthis tutorial.
