What is LOWER() Function in SQL

The SQL LOWER() function converts all the characters in a string into lowercase. The LOWER() function lowers the case of a string. For example, all the characters in the specified string will be converted to lowercase.

Use the UPPER() function to convert all characters in a string into uppercase in SQL. This is one of the String functions.

SELECT LOWER (input_string)

PARAMETERS:

Input_string: The string whose characters are to be converted to lowercase. The input string can be any string or any table column.

NOTE:

If any number is given as an input, it will remain unaffected.

Examples of LOWER() Function

Query 1

SELECT LOWER ('APPDIVIDEND.COM');

Output

appdividend.com

Query 2

SELECT LOWER ('AppDividend.com');

Output

appdividend.com

Query 3

SELECT LOWER ('SQL is FuN');

Output

sql is fun

Query 4

SELECT LOWER (‘ABC123DEF’);

Output

abc123def

As mentioned above, numerals are unaffected by the lower function.

Above are common examples to make you clear how this function works.

Let’s apply this to a table.

TABLE: (Employee)

Emp_id	First_name	Last_Name	City	State	Phone
101	Rohit	Raj	Patna	Bihar	8585145852
201	Shivam	Kumar	Jalandhar	Punjab	8958458785
301	Karan	Kumar	Allahabad	Uttar Pradesh	9987845784
401	Suraj	Gupta	Kolkata	West Bengal	88789898980
501	Akash	Jain	Vizag	Andhra Pradesh	98985475001

Let’s display the employee’s full name by converting all its characters to lowercase.

QUERY

SELECT First_name, Last_name, CONCAT_WS (' ', LOWER (First_name), LOWER (Last_name)) Full_name 
FROM Employee;

Output

First_name	Last_Name	Full_name
Rohit	Raj	rohit raj
Shivam	Kumar	shivam rana
Karan	Kumar	karan kumar
Suraj	Gupta	suraj gupta
Akash	Jain	akash jain

Here you can see that full_name is displayed under the column name Full_name whose characters are lowercase.

The names are separated by a space using the concat_ws() function.

MySQL LOWER() Function

MySQL LOWER() function converts all the characters in a string to lowercase characters.

Query

SELECT LOWER('APPDIVIDEND');

Output

+-----------------------+
| LOWER('MYTESTSTRING') |
+-----------------------+
| appdividend           | 
+-----------------------+

SQL Server LOWER() Function

The SQL LOWER() function converts all the characters in a string into lowercase.

Query

SELECT LOWER('KRUNAL LATHIYA');

Output

krunal lathiya
(1 row)

That’s it.